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He reveals this to Malar (Shraddha Srinath), who he meets in a nightclub. Flashback a bit, and we learn that Mathi has worked as an assistant director, and he now wants to make his own movie. But they don’t need to see “13th.” The rest of us do.What if you find yourself tied to a chair with packaging tape, in a house you barely recognise? That’s the plight that befalls Mathi (Arulnithi) at the beginning of K-13, written and directed by first-timer Barath Neelakantan. The urgency that courses through this documentary is that things actually can change if knowledge can be turned into momentum and momentum can become legislation.įor many that knowledge, frankly, will start with “13th.” The film reminds us that one in three black men will likely spend some of their life in prison, a statistic that deserves to be as outraging as it in fact is.
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Others are less well-known authors and faces on the spectrum of criminal justice reform. Some of them come with familiar names: Gates, Gingrich, Senator Cory Booker, activist-scholar Angela Davis (who we learn in one throwaway reminiscence grew up playing with the girls who died in the 1963 Birmingham church bombing). The voices heard here are eloquent and steady. We hear African-American neighborhoods described as enemy-occupied territories and African-American men as enemy combatants without rights.
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Penney and Victoria’s Secret use prisoners as a free labor pool.
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We witness the corporatization of a bail system that sends poor people to jail for the crime of not having money and the abuse of the legal system in which 95 percent of prosecutors are white and 97 percent of cases end with plea bargains and prison time because a trial is presented as a worse punishment. We learn that the prison-industrial complex is big business and a growth industry, with the private Corrections Corporation of America earning revenues of $1.7 billion in 2012 and vendors like Securus providing prison phone systems that overcharge for inmate calls. By the time Newt Gingrich - Newt Gingrich! - turns up to acknowledge that mandatory sentencing laws “fundamentally violated a sense of fairness” and that “the objective reality is that virtually no one who is white understands the reality of being black in America,” the weight of evidence has you flattened in your seat.Īs DuVernay brings her argument to the present day, we hear about the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), a corporate-sponsored lobbying group that writes laws for Republican state and federal legislators.
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Drugs became a criminal rather than a health issue, “crime” became synonymous with “race,” and the late Nixon aide John Ehrlichman is shown in an interview admitting “Did we know we were lying about the drugs? Of course we did.”Īs the decades pass, “13th” keeps an eye on the prison population rising, rising, rising, through the Bush and Clinton years, Willie Horton and fears of “super-predators,” mandatory-sentencing laws that tied judges’ hands and punished (black) crack smokers far more harshly than (white) coke sniffers the Three Strikes law, which puts repeat offenders behind bars for life the militarization of America’s police forces stop-and-frisk Stand Your Ground Trayvon Martin citizen videos and the deaths they capture.
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“13th” passes through the civil rights years, when, in the words of Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates, “being arrested became a noble thing,” into the Nixon and Reagan eras, when “law and order” and the “war on drugs” became code words for controlling and containing the country’s underclass.
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Griffith’s 1915 blockbuster, “The Birth of a Nation,” fanned the flames of the myth and led to a reborn Ku Klux Klan, a wave of lynchings across the South, and a Great Migration to the North, here recast as a generational fleeing of mob violence and entrenched Jim Crow second-class status. DuVernay connects the dots of 150 years of US history, beginning with the “myth of black criminality” that arose in the post-Civil War era, that fed into fears of black-on-white rape (when the historical reality tended to be the other way around), and that resulted in the mass arrests of newly freed African-Americans for “loitering” and “vagrancy”.ĭ.W. “History is not just stuff that happens by accident,” someone says here, and “13th” presents that clause as “an embedded tool,” one that guaranteed the continued shackling of 4 million people who were legally no longer property.